The Markov Anniversary Meeting, June 12-14, 2006 was the fifth in a series of conferences devoted to the Numerical Solution of Markov Chains (NSMC). The prior four NSMC conferences were held in 1990, 1995, 1999, and 2003. The first two conferences were held in Raleigh, North Carolina, the third moved overseas to Zarazoga, Spain, and the fourth was held in Urbana-Champaign, Illinois. This fifth and most recent Markov meeting occurred sooner than the usual 4-5 year schedule in order to celebrate two very important events: the 150th anniversary of Andrei A. MarkovOCOs birth and the 100th anniversary of his work on his chains. This special Markov Anniversary Meeting was held at the College of Charleston in historic Charleston, SC. The scope of the meeting was expanded to incorporate Markov work beyond the usual NSMC topics. Thus, this proceedings contains several papers describing the diverse applications of MarkovOCOs chains in diverse fields from web search and telecommunications to population and language modeling. Papers discuss Markov reward processes and Markov bounds, while another group of papers covers the use of chains in queueing theory. A third group of papers examines the techniques for analyzing enormous chains with the help of Kronecker algebra. Such techniques connect nicely with one of todayOCOs most famous applications of Markov chains, the PageRank chain used by Google to rank webpages. The proceedings conclude with a section devoted to applications of Markov chains. These proceedings are also available in print, ISBN 1-932482-34-2. You can order them through your bookstore. For editor bios and photos visit www.bosonbooks.com."