Benoît B. Mandelbrot, O.L.H., Ph.D. (Mathematical Sciences, University of Paris, 1952; M.S., Aeronautics, California Institute of Technology, 1949) was a mathematician best known as the father of fractal geometry. He was Sterling Professor Emeritus of Mathematical Sciences at Yale University; IBM Fellow Emeritus at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center; and Battelle Fellow at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.

Mandelbrot was born in Poland, but his family moved to France when he was a child; he was a dual French and American citizen and was educated in France. He has been awarded with numerous honors, including induction into the Legion d'honneur, as well as the 1986 Franklin Medal for Physics, the 1993 Wolf Prize for Physics, the 2000 Lewis Fry Richardson Medal of the European Geophysical Society, and the 2003 Japan Prize "for the creation of universal concepts in complex systems."